Snowflake-Patterned CNT/LIG@SEBS-Based Dry Electrodes for Reliable Arrhythmia Diagnosis

Arrhythmia, a condition characterized by abnormal heart rhythms, can often lead to serious complications such as stroke, making early diagnosis crucial. This study aims to develop a wearable electrocardiogram (ECG) patch sensor capable of diagnosing arrhythmias by monitoring ECG in real-time. The sensor features laser induced graphene (LIG) electrode, inspired by snowflake pattern, which provided a large surface area that effectively minimizes noise from motion artifact. Furthermore, the sensor's performance was enhanced through drop casting carbon nanotubes (CNT), which improved the electrical conductivity and reduces the skin contact impedance, resulting in a value of 5. 5 x 10⁴Ω at 100 Hz. The fabricated sensor exhibited higher signal to noise ratio (SNR) value compared to the commercial Ag/ AgCI electrodes, enabling more precise ECG waveform monitoring. The ECG sensor demonstrated SNR values of 49 dB while sitting, 25.4 dB while walking, and 20.7 dB while running. It is expected that the ECG patch sensor can be applied to wearable devices to monitor and diagnose personal health conditions in real-time.

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