TiO2 nanoparticles-decorated MXene-PVDF composite carbon nanofibrous mats-based free-standing electrodes for flexible and breathable microsupercapacitors
The demand for flexible energy storage solutions in wearable electronics has spurred the exploration of innovative electrode architectures tailored for microsupercapacitor (μSC). In this study, we present an innovative approach utilizing laser-induced MXene-PVDF nanofibrous matrix architecture for the fabrication of free-standing nanocomposite carbon electrodes for flexible and breathable μSC applications. The integration of MXene hybrids into polymeric nanofibrous matrices, laser-carbonization, and following subsequent oxygen (O2)-plasma treatment offers a synergistic combination of properties, including high electrical conductivity, wettability, mechanical flexibility, and enhanced surface area for charge storage. Additionally, the laser-induced carbonization process allows for precise control over electrode morphology and composition through photochemically synthesized spherical metal-oxide (TiO2) nanoparticles derived from MXene (Ti3C2Tx) uniformly attached to Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) backboned carbonized nanofibers (CNFs) which serve as active electrode materials for μSC. The nano-PVDF@MXene CNF–O hybrid-based μSC thereby exhibits high mechanical flexibility, durability, excellent energy density (9.81 × 10−3 mWh cm−2), and excellent capacitance (∼79.2 mF cm−2 @ 10 mV s−1) with 97 % retention after 10,000 cycles. This study signifies a significant advancement in the development of flexible μSC, poised to revolutionize wearable electronics and biometric sensing technologies, thereby enhancing human well-being and quality of life.
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